Arabic
http://www.geckil.com/~harvest/arabic/
Site provides cultural links to newspapers and magazines (in both Arabic and English), television, and radio from various Arab nations. User will also find an array of grammar links. Arrangement of the tutorial links is a bit cumbersome, but user will find much useful information here. Check out the links to educational institutions and the general sites to find additional information useful to the study of Arabic.

Arabic Literature
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/libraries/indiv/area/MiddleEast/arabic_lit.html
User can link to the complete text to the Arabian Nights, and to Kahlil Gibran, among others, in English.

eBook PE1404 .D44 2002eb

The Future of Foreign Language Education in the United States.  Westport, Conn. : Bergin & Garvey, 2002. 

eBook LB1580.U6 F88 2002eb

Globalization and Language Teaching.  London ; New York : Routledge, 2002.  

eBook P53 .G545 2002eb

Katzner, Kenneth.  The Languages of the World.  (3rd ed.)  London ; New York : Routledge, 2002. 

eBook P371 .K38 2002eb

Kreidler, Charles W.  Describing Spoken English: an Introduction.   London ; New York : Routledge, 2002. 

eBook PE1074.8 .K74 2002eb

New Perspectives on Grammar Teaching in Second Language Classrooms.  Mahwah, N.J. : L. Erlbaum, 2002. 
eBook P53.412 .N48 2002eb

Reagan, Timothy G.  The Foreign Language Educator in Society : Toward a Critical Pedagogy.  Mahwah, N.J. : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 2002. 

eBook P51 .R34 2002eb

Wood, Meena.  APL and Bilingual Learners.  London ; New York : Routledge, 2002.  

eBook LB2376.6.G7 W66 2002eb

Chinese Characters and Culture
http://zhongwen.com
An etymological Chinese to English dictionary by Rick Harbaugh.  Includes a 4,000-character search dictionary (searchable by English, radical, pictograph, pinyin, or zhuyin); online readings both in Chinese and in translation; and a section on learning Chinese characters.

Chinese Characters Dictionary Web
http://zhongwen.com/zi.htm
A good site! When user queries a word, this program will search for characters across the different Chinese web dictionaries and then will provide a list of links to those definitions.

Chinese Literature
http://pears.lib.ohio-state.edu/China/page10.html

Chinese Literature Classics
http://www.chinapage.com/classic1.html

Chinese Text Initiative
http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/chinese/index.html

English-Chinese Dictionary
http://www.ok88.com/go/svc/ecdict.html
Commercial site allows user to enter a word in English and receive Chinese image(s) in either simplified characters (GB) or in traditional characters (Big5).

Learning Chinese Online
http://www.csulb.edu/~txie/online.htm
Well-organized site by Tianwei Xie from the University of California at Davis.   Links to an introduction of Chinese language and conversation, pronunciation, characters, grammar; and reading materials; dictionaries; listening; online tutorials; additional links; and more.

On-line Chinese Tools
http://www.mandarintools.com
An excellent site aimed at anyone from the beginning to the advanced language student. User will find tools for learning Chinese (character flashcards, a text annotator, a romanization converter); tools for using Chinese (a character dictionary that allows user to look up Chinese by characters, by English, by Cantonese, by pinyin, or by stroke); reference tools; computer tools; and additional links.

Dave's ESL Cafe
http://www.eslcafe.com/
Aimed at both ESL/EFL students and teachers, this website includes discussion forums, a chat room, lists for slang, idioms, and phrasal verbs, and 3020 links under 78 subject headings ranging  from articles to zoos. 

English as a Second Language
http://www.rong-chang.com/
Posted by Rong Chang. Focus is on web sites beginning ESL students can use for listening, reading, writing, grammar, pronunciation of English and  business English. Also includes teachers aids and  lesson plans for teachers of ESL. 

National Center for ESL Literacy Education
http://www.cal.org/caela/

Electronic French Online Resources
http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/fr-on.html
From the University of Virginia's electronic text center. Works are listed alphabetically by author, but user can conduct a simple or a compound subject search. Some of the texts are restricted to UVA users for copyright reasons, but many are available to the general user.

French Language & Literature Resources
http://www.library.yale.edu/Internet/frenchsir.html
Comprehensive site arranged by subject. Includes reference sources, electronic texts, newspapers and periodicals, travel, culture, and more.

French Language Course
http://www.jump-gate.com/languages/french/index.html
Created by Jacques Leon of Appalachian State University. Emphasizes French grammar and conversation. Check out the French Page for excellent resources and references to sites dealing with French language, culture, and literature.

French Morphological Analyzer
http://humanities.uchicago.edu/forms_unrest/analyze.query.html
Part of the University of Chicago ARTFL project. Enter a word or a phrase in French and the prompt will bring up a context-free morphological analysis of that word or phrase.

Gallica Classique
http://gallica.bnf.fr/Classique
Electronic source of the literature, to date, of Baudelaire, Sand, Stendhal, and Zola.  France's Bibliotheque Nationale plans to expand this currently selective collection into a comprehensive source of French literature texts.  Arrangement is by literary period.  No English translations available.

Tennessee Bob’s Famous French Links
http://www.utm.edu/departments/french/french.html
Comprehensive site. Excellent links to web sites on French literature, language, history, culture, education, media, tourism, and more.

Tex's French Grammar
http://www.laits.utexas.edu/tex
French grammar arranged by parts of speech, with each section including cross links and explanations with dialogues, exercises, and cartoon images.  Site also includes a verb conjugator, a verb tutor, and an online dictionary.

An Index of On-Line Dictionaries
http://www.yourdictionary.com/languages.html
Provides links to more than 800 dictionaries in 194 languages.

Language Course Finder
http://www.language-learning.net/
"...the largest online directory of language courses and language schools worldwide."

A World of On-Line Grammars
http://www.yourdictionary.com/grammars.html
A comprehensive list of the languages that can be found on the web.  Includes reference grammars, learning grammars, and historical grammars.  Arranged alphabetically by language.  User should also check out the linguistic site Current Language Research http://www.yourdictionary.com/morph.html#guessers and the Web of Linguistic Fun http://www.yourdictionary.com/fun.html that indexes more useful and fun sites for the language learner.

Yamada Web Guide to Languages
http://babel.uoregon.edu/YLC/guides.html
A comprehensive site. 115 languages are listed alphabetically, and under each language the user will find newsgroups, mailing lists, fonts (to help the user display and/or write non-English fonts on their computers), and links relating to that given language.

German Language Course for English Speaking Students
http://www.geocities.com/College Park/Hall/1238/intro.html
An online version of Peter Schroeder’s CD-ROM course. Covers the parts of speech, with special emphasis given to nouns and verbs, sentence structure and word order, vocabulary, greetings, idiomatic expressions, etc. Quite thorough.

German Literature on the Internet
http://www.lib.virginia.edu/subjects/german/
Links to German literature, spoken texts, literary magazines, and author sites.   German texts can be accessed by an author list.

German Studies Web
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~wess
Comprehensive site by the Association of College and Research Libraries. Provides access to scholarly resources in German Studies, covering all German-speaking countries. Links to newspapers, magazines, and other news sources; cultural events (theater, film); history; travel; and politics. Under Literature the user will find links to electronic journals and online texts.

Leo Dictionary
http://dict.leo.org
Dictionary contains over 180,000 entries. Searchable by English or by German. Search results are by grouped display.

The Hebrew Language
http://hebrew.about.com/homework/hebrew
Under Grammar/Reference user will find articles on various part of grammar, from adjectives to vowels.  Uner Verb Conjugation Charts the user will find 44 of the most commonly used verbs, conjugated (romanized and in the Hebrew alphabet) in the past, present, future, and, if used imperative tenses, along with audio files.  An easy-to-follow Hebrew Alefbet Tutorial contains 30 lessons showing the user how to read the alphabet and vowels.  While not comprehensive, the dictionaries include a translating dictionary and a slang dictionary (both available only from Hebrew to English).

Hebrew Literature
http://www.columbia.edu/cu/libraries/indiv/area/MiddleEast/hebrew_lit.html
Lists Hebrew literature found on line.

Hebrew Literature Resources
http://lib.haifa.ac.il/www/subj/hebrew_lit/hebrew.html#poe
From Haifa University.  Selective list of primary and secondary material.   Includes further links.

On-line Hebrew Tutorial
http://foundationstone.com.au/OnlineHebrewTutorial.html
17 lessons for the English speaker, covering the alphabet, grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary. Emphasis is on modern Hebrew. Also includes a section for useful resources and one for online resources.

English-Italian-English Dictionary
http://www.freedict.com/onldict/ita.html
A translating dictionary that includes 10,700 Italian to English entries and 13,400 English to Italian entries. Results by exact word or by grouped display.

Italian Language & Literature
http://www.library.yale.edu/Internet/italianlanglit.html
Comprehensive list of links arranged by subject, covering associations, reference materials, electronic texts, culture and travel, listservs, and more.

Italian Literature Archive
http://www.crs4.it/HTML/Literature.html
A selected list of full-text literary works. Links to other virtual literature sites.

Oggi e Domani. Interactive Italian Language Course
http://academic.brooklyn.cuny.edu/modlang/carasi/site/pageone.html
Course includes 20 online Italian language lessons, with audio, geared to the beginning language student. User can also access a dictionary, a grammar, and a guide to pronunciation. Parts of this site are still under construction.

English-Japanese-English Dictionary
http://www.freedict.com/onldict/jap.html
A translating dictionary containing 58,200 Japanese to English and 54,100 English to Japanese entries. Results are by exact word or by grouped display.

Japanese Resources at Dartmouth
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~introjpn/
Ishida-Sensee's collection of links to sites related to Japanese language and culture. Also links to a AutoGloss/J.

Japanese Text Initiative
http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/japanese
By the University of Virginia and the University of Pittsburgh.

Jeffrey’s Japanese/English Dictionary
http://linear.mv.com/cgi-bin/j-e
Available in English or Japanese. Works with or without Japanese display.

Jim Breen’s Japanese Page
http://www.csse.monash.edu.au/~jwb/japanese.html
Comprehensive site that links to electronic texts, dictionaries, educational institutions, culture, and resources that the student of Japanese would find useful. This is also the home of EDICT, a Japanese/English dictionary file of over 60,000 entries.

The Kanji Site
http://www.kanjisite.com/
Site aimed  at people studying for the Japanese Literacy Proficiency Test (JLPT). The kanji "are organized according to the syllabi for Levels 4, 3 and 2 of that test." The JLPT Level 1 kanji is to be added in the future.

Super Links to Japanese Web Sites
http://www.uni.edu/becker/japanese2.html
Helpful sites on Japanese language, writing, quizzes, art, poetry and literature, culture, history, travel; includes dictionary , map, and newspaper sites.

Teach Yourself Japanese
http://www.sf.airnet.ne.jp/~ts/japanese/index.html
Provides  information on Japanese writing systems, standard hiranga, double hiranga, additional kana information, numbers, grammar, vocabulary, and sample dialogues. Includes audio files.

Latin Culture Page
http://www.georgetown.edu/labyrinth/subjects/latin/latin.html
Resources on Latin texts, culture and history, language study and teaching, and literature in Latin and in translation.

Latin Language and Literature
http://www.csbsju.edu/library/internet/latin.html
By St. John’s University. Links to study aids that will help the Latin language learner, including dictionaries, electronic texts, and journals.

Perseus Project
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/PerseusInfo.html
A collection of digital resources to be used in the study of the ancient Greek and Roman world, as well as some material for the Medieval age.  Includes an historical overview, information on ancient art and archaeology, an atlas, and essays.  Of special note are the two following sectins:
(1)Text Tools & Lexica
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/lexica.html
Here the user can conduct a word search for English to Latin or from Latin to English.
(2) Texts and Translations
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/Texts.html
User will find authors with their works accessible in English or in Latin (with all words morphologically linked). 
The Perseus Project is also keyword searchable.  A search "Allen and Grennough" will pull an electronic version of Allen and Grennaugh's New Latin Grammar for Schools and Colleges.

Master Russian
http://masterrussian.com
Site's mission statement claims this is "the starting place for learners of the Russian language on the Internet." The user will find information about various aspects of the language (lessons for basic and advanced Russian, pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, translation dictionaries, quizzes), literature (Tolstoy, proverbs, folktales), popular culture (music, radio & TV, schools) and "fun stuff" (pen pals, Russian names).

Russian An Interactive On-line Reference Grammar
http://www.alphadictionary.com/rusgrammar/index.html
By Robert Beard of Bucknell University. An  excellent, straightforward grammar aimed at the beginning Russian language learner.  Covers the rules of pronunciation, the alphabet, parts of speech, and includes a section called radio learning support that provides students with links to additional study materials--dictionaries, reading texts, etc. Note that some of the sites are encrypted.

Learn Spanish
http://www.lingolex.com/spanish.htm
Aimed at the beginning and intermediate Spanish learner. Includes vocabulary (grouped by association), cultural links, a chat room, morphology, food, and more.

Pagina de la Lengua Espanola: Literature
http://www.dat.etsit.upm.es/~mmonjas/lit.html
Links to electronic texts of Spanish literature in either Spanish or in English, as well sites devoted to specific authors and literary reviews.

Spanish Language & Literature
http://www.library.yale.edu/Internet/iberianlanglit.html
Comprehensive site arranged by subject. Includes links for reference tools, electronic texts, newspapers and periodicals, and more.

Free TOEFL Practice
http://esl.about.com/cs/toefl/a/a_toefl_2.htm

Testden TAG
http://www.testden.com/tag_demo.htm
Includes listening, structure, reading, and writing demos.

TOEFL Practice
http://www.stuff.co.uk/toefl.htm

FreeTranslation.com
http://www.freetranslation.com
One of the best online tranlating tools, because it translates entire phrases and is very fast.  Translates English text into French, German, Italian, Norwegian, Portuguese, Spanish and German into English.

Translate Now!
http://www.systransoft.com
By Systran.  Translates English into French, German, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish; French, German, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish into English; French to German; and German to French.

BBC: Talk French
http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/french/talk/
"A video introduction to beginning French language from the British Broadcasting Company."

BBC: Talk Spanish
http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/spanish/
"A video-based online resource with activities from the BBC."

First Year Polish
http://polish.slavic.pitt.edu/firstyear/lessons/
"Online Polish lessons from the University of Pittsburgh that includes audio, video and exercises."

Le Français Interactif
http://www.laits.utexas.edu/fi/
"A complete first-year course in French language from the University of Texas at Austin featuring, audio, video, opinon polls and interviews with native speakers."

Hebrew Language Tutorials
http://www.laits.utexas.edu/hebrew/heblang/tutorials.shtml
Tutorials, flashcards, and reading selections from the University of Texas at Austin.

The Internet Handbook of German Grammar
http://www.travlang.com/languages/german/ihgg/
Standard grammar and language from The Duden Grammatik, Duden Verlag (1984).

Introduction to French and the French Language
http://www.nyp.edu.sg/FLC/web_fr.htm
Explores language as well as French culture.

The Italian Electronic Classroom
http://www.locuta.com/eclass.html
Covers grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation.

Italian Steps
http://www.bbc.co.uk/languages/italian/lj/
"An online Italian language course for beginners presented by the BBC."

LangMedia Resources for World Languages
http://langmedia.fivecolleges.edu/lm_collection.html
"Language by Country" videos filmed by Five College international students and funded by the U.S. Department of Education.

Russian Web Tutor
http://www.auburn.edu/~mitrege/RWT/welcome.html
Grammar tutorials and exercises from Auburn University.

Sogang Korean Program
http://korean.sogang.ac.kr/
Focuses on beginner and intermediate Korean.

Web German
http://webgerman.com/
"Extensive resources to audio, video, graphics, and text files for German language."

Mace, John.  Beginner's Arabic Script.  Chicago : Contemporary Books, 2003. 

BJ6115 .M32 2003

McWhorter, John H.  The Power of Babel : a Natural History of Language.  New York : Perennial, 2003. 

Reserve P140 .M34 2003

Moeller, Jack.  Deutsch Heute : Introductory German.  (8th ed.)  Boston : Houghton Mifflin Co., 2005. 

Reserve PF3112 .M6 2005

Turk, Phil.  Spanish Grammar Handbook.  Singapore : Berlitz/APA Pubs. GmbH & Co. Verlag KG, 2004. 

PC4111 .S73 2004